NASA/JPL-Caltech/R. Hurt (SSC)

The Evolution of a Planet-Forming Disk

This animation shows the evolution of a planet-forming disk around a star. Initially, the young disk is bright and thick with dust, providing raw materials for building planets. In the first 10 million years or so, gaps appear within the disk as newborn planets coalesce out of the dust, clearing out a path.

In time, this planetary "debris disk" thins out as gravitational interactions with numerous planets slowly sweep away the dust. Steady pressure from the starlight and solar winds also blows out the dust. After a few billion years, only a thin ring remains in the outermost reaches of the system, a faint echo of the once-brilliant disk.

Our own solar system has a similar debris disk Ð a ring of comets called the Kuiper Belt. Leftover dust in the inner portion of the solar system is known as "zodiacal dust."

Bright, young disks can be imaged directly by visible-light telescopes, such as NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. Older, fainter debris disks can be detected only by infrared telescopes like NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, which sense the disks' dim heat.

About the Object (1)
Object type:	Protoplanetary disk

Additional Info
Press Release:	Spitzer and Hubble Capture Evolving Planetary Systems
Journal Article:	PDF: Planets and IR Excesses: Preliminary Results from a Spitzer /MIPS Survey of Solar-Type Stars, C. Beichman, et al. PDF: A Resolved Debris Disk around the G2V star HD 107146, D.R. Ardila (JHU), et al.
Related links:	PDF: HST/ACS Coronagraphic Imaging of the AU Microscopium Debris Disk, J. Krist (STScI), et al., submitted to AJ. PDF: Discovery of a Large Dust Disk Around the Nearby Star AU Microscopium, P. Kalas (UC, Berkeley), et al. Hubble Space Telescope homepage

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